Khronos Group lanserar Vulkan 1.0

Såvitt jag vet lanserades inte Mantle som en öppen API, utan som något exklusivt för AMD kort.

Det var ett fint sätt att säga 5%.

Fast... PC Gaming innefattar även Linux och Mac?

Hur är det med Playstation? Kör den OpenGL, eller har Sony något eget?

Det enda som troligen förlorar på att Vulkan blir stort och används är Microsoft, alla andra vinner på det.

Skulle mer se det som att Windows 10 behöver DX12 exklusivitet och monopol för att ens vara konkurrenskraftig.

Q: What is this Vulkan, anyway?

A: Vulkan is a great new graphics programming interface that has much less overhead compared to previous APIs like Direct3D 9, 11 or OpenGL.

Q: Oh, so it's like Direct3D 12?

A: Quite like it, but portable, and not restricted to Windows 10 OS.

Q: I see. Like Apple Metal?

A: That too. But again, portable, and not restricted to iOS and OS X.

Q: So, it's like Mantle then?

A: Right again. But portable, not restricted to just one GPU vendor. And Mantle is pretty much gone. It served its purpose to get things started and I think that a lot of Mantle is now incorporated into Vulkan.

Q: Uh! Let's try this one more time. What's Vulkan again?

A: A PORTABLE low-level graphics API, that works across many GPU vendors (NVIDIA, AMD, Intel, Qualcomm, PowerVR...) and OSes (Windows, Linux, Android).

Q: That's better. Now, why was Vulkan support added to Talos?

A: Good question! We (Croteam) firmly believe that Vulkan is really the best low(est)-level API there can be. Fast and portable!
Yes, it has downside(s). For one, it's quite hard to program for. You have to do a lot of things manually, instead of relying on drivers to do the work for you. This is both good and bad at the same time. Good for performance reasons, because driver doesn't assume what game wants to render (I won't go into any more details here, sorry). Bad because there's a lot more coding and in general, it's a more complex approach. You better know what you're doing, because you won't get any help from the driver. You're on your own.
It's really great to have that much control. IF you know what you're doing!

Q: So, we can expect new super-duper graphics effects and more explosions?

A: No, this is graphics _programming_ interface, not effects designer. The Talos Principle will look exactly the same as on other gfx APIs (Direct3D 9 and 11, and OpenGL). At least it should. Otherwise it's a bug! Except if it looks better û then we'll just call it a feature.

Q: Why should I try it, or buy it?

A: First, because The Talos Principle is a great game! Believe me - I've played it!
On a more serious note, we (Croteam) are kinda expecting your assistance to find bugs and performance issues with different GPUs. We were only able to test the game with a few cards and we would like to know û how does it run on your end?

Q: I'm a beta tester? Again? For free?

A: Well, yes. But only if you want to be. We (Croteam) really need some more assistance from our great community because, well, programming Vulkan is very complex! I'm still not sure if I did everything right. Our entire GPU department was hard at work for three whole months. It's that hard!
Or maybe there's something in the fact that our GPU department is comprised of just one guy. It's me! Hi!

Q: So, OpenGL is dead?

A: No, not at all. For simple games, OpenGL (or Direct3D for that matter) is here to stay; learning curve is not that steep as with Vulkan. However, Vulkan really shines when it comes to reducing application and driver CPU overhead. It is (or will be) much faster than Direct3D 9, 11 and OpenGL!

Q: Then I can expect some great benchmark results?

A: Not so fast! Sorry. This is a beta phase, and there's still work to be done from our (Croteam) side and IHVs from driver side. But please be patient: in time, after optimizations are done, Vulkan will be faster, I'm sure.

Q: Really?

A: Let me put it this way: When The Talos Principle came out, it had a very similar frame rate in DirectX 9 vs DX 11. But then we optimized the game, and the drivers were optimized in the meantime, and now D3D11 is 20-30% faster than D3D9! I have a firm belief that this will also happen to Vulkan vs D3D11, over time However, for now you can actually expect lower frame-rate compared to D3D11. C'mon, it's brand new API, give it some time.

Q: Cut to the chase, please!

A: Ok, first, in GPU-bound scenarios (ultra settings, resolution higher than full HD), you'll see lower performance, 20 to 30% lower. This is work in progress, and we (both Croteam and IHVs) are analyzing and optimizing the performance. We'll get to the bottom of this!

Q: And CPU-bound scenarios?

A: Same or a bit faster. But for now, those scenarios really have to be super-CPU-bound. Like, rendering whole levels, without any help from visibility system, frustum, distance or occlusion culling.

Q: That bad, a?

A: Well, not that much. At least, this is how I tested when wanted to see what Vulkan can do.

Q: I think I've been patient enough - can I go and benchmark now?

A: Yes, you can. But I repeat - don't have high hopes. At least not for now.

Q: Good, finally. Ok, what do I need?

A: Well, drivers. They should be available from nVidia and AMD. Download, install, run, duck'n'cover.

Q: Should I reboot the system after installing drivers?

A: I'm not sure, but better reboot. With Windows, if you're in doubt - reboot!

Q: nVidia, AMD, AMD, nVidia... wait! What about Intel?!

A: Driver should be available soon. We're still trying to test it and make it run well. Or just make it run, for that matter.

Q: That's all?

A: No, you also need to run 64-bit version of The Talos Principle.

Q: Wait, what? No support for 32-bit?

A: No. 64-bit is the future. And present!

Q: Will there be Vulkan support for 32-bit version of the game?

A: Probably not.

Q: How should I...?

A: If you installed driver correctly, there should be "Vulkan (beta)" in graphics API menu under Options->Graphics options. When you select it you'll get a warning message that you'll loose your warranty. Well, not exactly that, but it's kinda message to expect, well, anything!

Q: Anything, ok, anything. Anything...else?

A: Well... the game could crash or lock up here and there. But that's why we have you, folks - to report it, here in forum, attaching log files and info and everything... You know the drill, don't you?

Q: Wait! There's no Vulkan support in my version of The Talos Principle?

A: You should opt-in for public beta.
To install the beta, do this:
- locate the game in the Steam's "Library" panel
- right click and invoke "Properties"
- select the "Betas" tab
- choose "publicbeta"

Q: Almost forgot - what about minimum and recommended specs to run Talos under Vulkan?

A: Oh, yes, you're right - that's important! Here:

OS: Windows 7, 8.1 or 10 (Linux later)
RAM: 8 GB (16 GB just in case)
GPU: latest generation (or one previous gen)
(NV: 770 or better, 960 or better, could work on 600 but haven't tested;
AMD: 7970, 280 or better, 370 or better, Fury)
VRAM: 1 GB (not so sure about this, better have 2 GB at least)
SOUND: doesn't matter, Vulkan is for graphics!

Q: Windows XP?

A: Probably not, sorry.

Q: Vista?

A: HAHAHAHAHHAAAAA!!! No! (Well, I wouldn't be surprise if it actually runs OK under Vista x64, but I'll be definately surprised that you have Vista in the first place!)

Q: Will Vulkan or The Talos Principle break my system?

A: No. I don't think so. Hopefully not. If/when something goes wrong, either the game will crash, or the driver itself. But no BSOD. It shouldn't happen. But don't take my word for it; go ahead - try it for yourselves, try it, go, go...

Q: It BSOD my system, you lying little person! What now?

A: Soooory. My bad. No, not mine. Driver's!
For real, if it really BSODs couple of times, don't test anymore. No point.

Q: Oy! Talos freezes after some minutes in game.

A: Let me guess... you have Windows 10 and nVidia graphic card?

Q: Yes.

A: Well, it kinda does that from time to time. We're still investigatin the issue... Sorry again.

Q: Sorry, ok, but what should I do?

A: This could be releated to occlusion culling.

Q: Occlusion what...?

A: Culling. Nevermind, just write these console variables and it should help.
ren_bOcclusionCulling=0
shb_bOcclusionCulling=0
crm_bOcclusionCulling=0
efx_iLensFlareQuality=0
(Game will run a bit slower, though.)

Q: Console? Variables?

A: You're not power user, I'm guessing...?

Q: Well, no.

A: Console can be invoked with F1 or ~ key. And then you can write to set some settings for the game.

Q: Oooo, I see...

A: Good!

Q: I just benchmarked it. FPS is lower than D3D, why?

A: I told you so. In time... good things come to those who wait.

Q: Oh, almost forgot - how about Linux version?

A: Soon! It's still in a bit development and more testing needs to be done.

Q: Thank you.

A: No, thank you! In advance! For testing!

Q: Anyone else?

A: Of course! Thanks goes to all great folks at nVidia, AMD, Khronos, LunarG, Valve and RenderDoc!
Without them, I would have one triangle rendered on screen by now. Small triangle. Maybe. With errors. And wrong color.

Yours truly,

Dean

Hur vet du det? Vad har du för belägg för att DX12 skulle vare sämre än Vulcan?

Tycker det är lovande med bägge tekniker, men att ute se en både teknisk och/eller marknadsmässig vinnare redan är nog (minst sagt) lite tidigt.

Mest fanboyizm och snack i dagsläget (ifrån bägge lägrena)...

"Vulkan is designed for portability across multiple platforms with desktop and mobile GPU architectures. Vulkan is available on multiple versions of Microsoft Windows from Windows 7 to Windows 10, and has been adopted as a native rendering and compute API by platforms including Linux, SteamOS, Tizen and Android."

Vad betyder detta? Att Vulkan kommer till SteamOS/Linux? När? Utan DX12 behöver alternativa platformar Vulkan för att vara konkurrenskraftiga.

Varför tror du det? Mantle var, realitiskt sett, bara AMD direkt intresserade av. Jag hoppas du inser att Vulkan ersätter OpenGL mera än det ersätter Mantle, och OpenGL dominerar redan marknaden överallt utom på Windows.

I.o.f.s. verkar det som om SPIR-V (Standard Portable Intermediate Representation, tänk Vulkans motsvarighet till Javas bytekod och .NETs CIL) kan göra det möjligt att skapa verktyg som i stort sätt automatiskt gör det möjligt att använda det som är skrivet i HLSL i Vulkan, vilket i så fall säker kostnader att stödja Vulkan och därmed minska tröskeln för utvecklare att ta steget över dit.

Nja, även Apple förlorar på det om Vulcan tar över Metal på iOS och OS X.

Å andra sidan så tror jag inte att Vulcan gör det (och inte heller att de tar över DX på Windows-plattformarna).

Oavsett detta; trevligt med en modern uppgradering/komplement/ersättare av OpenGL!

Hur vet du det? Vad har du för belägg för att DX12 skulle vare sämre än Vulcan?

Tycker det är lovande med bägge tekniker, men att ute se en både teknisk och/eller marknadsmässig vinnare redan är nog (minst sagt) lite tidigt.

Mest fanboyizm och snack i dagsläget (ifrån bägge lägrena)...

Frågan är ju hur ett spel med Vulkan presterar på samma hårdvara där skillnaden endast är med vilket OS som är installerat. Går Windows 10-utgåvan snabbare än 8/8.1 och 7 exempelvis?

Antar att det där spelet som nämns i artikeln borde gå att testas med, och att tester är dyka upp på en del ställen under dagen iofs.